INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
INTEL: INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS
Computer Organization:-
CPU
Computer Organization is concerned with the way the hardware
components operate and the way they are connected together to form
computer system. It includes Hardware details transparent to the
programmer such as control signal and peripheral. It describes how the
computer performs. Computer Organization is realization of what is
specified by the computer architecture. It deals with how operational
attributes are linked together to meet the requirements specified by
computer architecture.
Computer Architecture-Microprocessor:-
Computer Architecture is concerned with the structure and behavior of
computer system as seen by the user. It includes information, formats,
instructions set and techniques for addressing memory. It describes
what the computer does. Computer Architecture deals with giving
operational attributes of the computer or Processor to be specific. It
deals with details like physical memory, ISA (Instruction Set
Architecture) of the processor, the no of bits used to represent the data
types, Input Output mechanism and technique for addressing
memories.
INTEL: Integrated Electronics
AMD
MOTOROLA
FETCH-----PRIMARY MEMORY
CACHE MEMORY (in between CPU and Primary memory)
DECODE----CONTROL UNIT (generate signals, initiated decision
making)
EXECUTE---SPECIFIC SECTION OF CPU-REGISTERS, ALU, and FPU
is→
utilized.
INPUT →PROCESS (CPU)→OUTPUT
MEMORY-
WORKING MEMORY - RAM
NON-WORKING MEMORY - HARD DISK
RELOCATABLE
Process management:
PCB: PROCESS CONTROL BLOCK
OR
TCB: TASK CONTROL BLOCK
States of Process---
New---ready----running-----waiting------terminating
New---ready------Job scheduled (Primary memory)
Ready---running ------CPU
Scheduled---CPU Scheduler-
Running----terminating (final Execution Process) FCFS, SJF…..Running- waiting----Medium term
scheduler
